student

Compared meaning: someone who is studying (noun).

比较义项：学生（名词）。

• student 本词

  The general, neutral word for anyone studying, from secondary school through university; the standard choice in American English and used at any age.

  泛指任何在学习的人，从中学生到大学生都可以用；是美式英语中的首选，各年龄段通用。

  She's a graduate student researching climate change at a university in Boston.

  她是一名在波士顿一所大学研究气候变化的研究生。

• pupil

  More formal and mainly British; typically refers to a younger child at primary or secondary school under a teacher's direct supervision, rarely used for university learners.

  较为正式，主要用于英式英语；通常指在老师直接管教下的中小学（尤指小学）儿童，很少用来指大学生。

  The teacher praised every pupil in her primary class for finishing the drawing.

  老师表扬了她小学班上完成绘画的每一个学生。

Student and pupil both mean someone who is studying. Student is the general, neutral word for any age, from secondary school to university, and is usual in American English. Pupil is more formal, mainly British, meaning a young child at school under a teacher's care.

在“学生”这个意义上，两个词都指在校学习的人，但语域和适用范围不同：pupil 更正式、更常指年幼的小学生，且英式英语中更常用；student 是通用词，适用于从中学到大学的各年龄段学习者，也是美式英语的首选。