reasoned

Compared meaning: reasonable, well-founded (adjective).

比较义项：合理的、有根据的（形容词）。

• sound

  Describes judgment, advice, or reasoning that is solid, well-founded, and free of flaws, based on experience or good sense; typically pairs with advice, investment, or judgment.

  形容判断、建议或推理稳妥、有根据、没有漏洞，通常基于经验或良好的判断力，常见于建议、投资、判断等场合。

  Her financial advisor gave her sound advice about saving for retirement.

  她的理财顾问就退休储蓄给了她合理稳妥的建议。

• legitimate

  Describes a reason, concern, or complaint that is fair and justified, often used to defend it against being dismissed or doubted by others.

  形容理由、担忧或抱怨公平合理，令人信服，常用于为其辩护，以防被别人忽视或质疑。

  Employees voiced a legitimate complaint about the unsafe working conditions.

  员工们就不安全的工作条件提出了合理正当的抱怨。

• valid

  Describes an argument or objection that follows logically and holds up under scrutiny, focusing on whether the reasoning itself is correct.

  形容论点或异议在逻辑上站得住脚、经得起推敲，重点在于推理本身是否正确。

  She raised a valid objection to the flawed research methodology.

  她针对存在缺陷的研究方法提出了一个站得住脚的合理异议。

• reasoned 本词

  Describes a decision or response that is careful and logical because the person thought it through step by step, contrasted with an emotional or hasty reaction.

  形容决定或回应经过深思熟虑、有条理，因为当事人一步步推理过，与情绪化或仓促的反应相对。

  He gave a reasoned response instead of reacting in anger.

  他给出了一个经过深思熟虑的合理回应，而不是愤怒地做出反应。

Sound, legitimate, valid, and reasoned all describe something well-founded, but differ: sound describes solid, reliable judgment or advice. Legitimate describes a reason that is fair and justified. Valid describes an argument that follows logically and holds up. Reasoned describes a decision made carefully and logically.

这几个词在“合理、有根据”这一义项上意思相近，但语气和使用场合不同：sound 强调判断或建议稳妥可靠，legitimate 强调理由或诉求正当、值得认可，valid 强调论点在逻辑上站得住脚，reasoned 强调经过深思熟虑、有条理。这里不比较 sound 的“声音”或“健康的”义，不比较 legitimate 的“合法的”义，也不比较 valid 的“有效的”（如护照、车票仍然有效）义。