name

Compared meaning: to give someone or something a name (verb).

比较义项：命名，称呼（v.）。

• call

  Informal and common in everyday speech; often used for nicknames or habitual address, as in 'call me Bob'; frequently takes two objects (call + person + name).

  较为口语化，日常使用频繁；常用于昵称或习惯性称呼，如“叫我鲍勃”；常接双宾语结构（call + 人 + 名字）。

  Everyone just calls him Tony instead of using his full name.

  大家都直接叫他托尼，而不用他的全名。

• name 本词

  More formal; typically used for the official act of giving a name at birth or in a ceremony, not for everyday nicknames.

  更为正式；通常用于出生时或仪式上正式取名的行为，而非日常昵称。

  They named their daughter Emily after her grandmother.

  他们以祖母的名字给女儿取名叫艾米丽。

Call and name both mean to give someone a name. Call is informal and common, often used for nicknames or everyday address. Name is more formal, used for the official act of naming someone at birth. Call's 'phone' or 'shout' meanings are not compared.

两词在“给……取名/命名”这个意思上接近，但call更常用于日常口语中“怎么称呼某人”，name则更正式、常用于官方或书面场合的命名行为。这里不比较call的其他意思，例如“打电话”或“呼喊”。

Compared meaning: to state or point out something (verb).

比较义项：提到、举出（动词）。

• name 本词

  Name is the most direct and formal: it means to specify or identify something explicitly, often when giving or asking for a definite list, and takes a direct object with no preposition.

  name最直接、最正式，表示明确指出或列举某事物，常用于给出或要求一份确定的清单，后面直接接宾语，不加介词。

  Can you name three European countries without looking at a map?

  你能不看地图就举出三个欧洲国家吗？

• mention

  Mention is the mildest and most casual: it means to refer to something briefly and in passing, without going into detail, and takes a direct object with no preposition.

  mention语气最随意，表示简略地、顺带提到某事，不作详细说明，后面直接接宾语，不加介词。

  She mentioned the party briefly but didn't give any details.

  她简单提到了那个聚会，但没有说细节。

• refer

  Refer is the most formal and structurally different: it is normally followed by 'to' and often directs someone toward a source, document, or topic rather than simply stating it.

  refer最正式，结构也不同：通常要跟介词to，常表示引导某人去查阅或关注某个来源、文件或话题，而不是直接说出内容。

  If you have questions, please refer to the instruction manual first.

  如果你有疑问，请先查阅说明书。

Name, mention and refer all mean to state something. Name is most direct: to identify or list something exactly. Mention is casual: to bring something up briefly. Refer is formal, with 'to', pointing someone toward a source. Not compared: name meaning 'appoint', refer meaning 'concern'.

这三个词都可表示“说出、提到某事/某人”，但语气和结构不同：name最直接、最正式，强调明确列举或指认；mention语气随意，指顺带简略提到；refer更正式，通常接to，指引导对方关注或查阅某事物。name还有“命名、任命”等义项，refer还有“涉及”“转交”等义项，这里都不作比较。