lump

Compared meaning: a piece or chunk of something (noun).

比较义项：（某物的）一块、块状部分（名词）。

• lump 本词

  Lump refers to a piece of no particular shape, of any size; it is neutral and often used for small pieces like sugar, coal, or clay.

  lump 指形状不规则的一块，大小不限，语气中性，常用于糖块、煤块、粘土等较小的物体。

  A lump of sugar dissolved slowly in her hot tea.

  一块方糖在她的热茶中慢慢融化了。

• hunk

  Hunk specifically describes a large, thick piece, especially of food such as bread, cheese, or meat; it is more informal and vivid.

  hunk 特指又大又厚的一块，尤其用于面包、奶酪、肉类等食物，语气更随意、更生动。

  She cut a large hunk of bread for breakfast.

  她切了一大块面包当早餐。

Lump and hunk both mean a piece of something. A lump has no particular shape and can be any size, like a lump of sugar or coal. A hunk means a large, thick piece, especially of food, and sounds more informal than lump.

这两个词都指某物的一块，但 lump 强调形状不规则、不确定，大小可以很小；hunk 则强调又大又厚的一大块，常用于食物。二者在具体语境中不能随意互换。

Compared meaning: a swollen or raised part of the body (noun).

比较义项：身体上肿起的部分（名词）。

• lump 本词

  Lump highlights a firm, solid mass with a clear shape or edge that you can feel or see, often noticed by touch rather than by visible puffiness.

  lump 强调一个坚实、有明显形状或边界的肿块，通常是摸到的，而不是看起来发胀。

  The doctor felt a small lump under her collarbone during the checkup.

  医生在体检时摸到她锁骨下方有一个小肿块。

• swelling

  Swelling describes an area that has visibly enlarged and often looks puffy or tight, usually caused by fluid buildup, injury or inflammation, rather than a distinct firm mass.

  swelling 指身体某处明显肿胀、看起来发胀或绷紧的部位，通常由体液积聚、受伤或炎症引起，而不是一个边界分明的实块。

  Ice helped reduce the swelling around her twisted ankle quickly.

  冰敷很快帮助减轻了她扭伤脚踝周围的肿胀。

Lump and swelling both describe a raised part of the body. A lump is a firm mass with a clear edge, felt by touch. A swelling is an area that looks puffy, from fluid or inflammation, not firm. Not covered: lump meaning a piece.

lump 和 swelling 都可以指身体上鼓起的一块，但语义侧重不同：lump 强调摸起来结实、边界清楚的肿块，swelling 强调因体液或炎症而发胀、肿起的部位。这里不比较 lump 表示“一块（糖、煤等）”的意思。