exercise

Compared meaning: physical exercise, working out (noun).

比较义项：体育锻炼、运动（名词）。

• exercise 本词

  General, often uncountable noun for physical activity done for fitness; neutral to formal register, common in health or medical advice.

  泛指以健身为目的的身体活动的名词，常作不可数名词；语气中性偏正式，常见于健康或医疗建议中。

  Doctors recommend thirty minutes of exercise most days of the week.

  医生建议每周大多数日子都进行三十分钟的运动。

• workout

  Refers to one specific, often planned session of physical exercise; usually countable and informal, common in gym or fitness contexts.

  指一次具体的、通常有计划安排的锻炼，多作可数名词；语气较口语化，常用于健身房或健身语境中。

  I did a quick workout before breakfast this morning.

  我今天早餐前做了一次简短的锻炼。

Exercise and workout both mean physical activity for fitness. Workout usually means one specific, planned session, often at a gym, and sounds informal. Exercise is broader and more formal, often uncountable, and common in health advice. This does not cover workout meaning 'a trial'.

exercise 和 workout 在这个义项上都指身体运动，但语气和用法不同：workout 通常指一次具体的、有计划安排的锻炼（多用于健身房场景），语气较口语化；exercise 是更宽泛、偏正式的说法，常作不可数名词，用于泛指运动这项活动，多见于健康建议中。这里不比较 workout 的“试验，试用”等其他义项。

Compared meaning: repeated practice to improve a skill (noun).

比较义项：练习（名词）。

• practice

  Refers to the repeated activity of doing something in order to improve a skill; usually uncountable and describes an ongoing process rather than a single task, often paired with verbs like get, need, or put in.

  指为提高某项技能而反复操练的活动，通常作不可数名词，描述的是一个持续的过程而非单一任务，常与 get、need、put in 等词搭配。

  Piano playing takes years of daily practice to master.

  学钢琴需要多年每天的练习才能精通。

• exercise 本词

  Refers to a specific task or set of tasks designed to build a skill, usually countable, and typically found in a textbook, workbook, or classroom setting.

  指为培养某项技能而设计出来的具体任务或一组题目，通常作可数名词，常见于教材、练习册或课堂情境中。

  Complete the grammar exercises at the end of each chapter.

  完成每章末尾的语法练习题。

Practice and exercise both relate to improving a skill through repetition. Practice is the ongoing activity, usually uncountable, as in 'need more practice'. Exercise is one specific task, usually countable, like a textbook exercise. This excludes exercise as physical exercise and practice as a habit.

这两个词在此义项上都可译为“练习”，但侧重点不同：practice 强调为提高技能而反复操练的过程，通常不可数；exercise 强调专门设计出来供练习用的具体任务或题目，通常可数。这里不比较 exercise 的“体育锻炼”义，也不比较 practice 的“惯例、惯常做法”或“（医生、律师）业务”等其他义项。

Compared meaning: to use or apply, especially power or influence (verb).

比较义项：运用（权力、影响力等）（动词）。

• exercise 本词

  Exercise means to formally use a right, power, or quality you are entitled to, such as authority, caution, or judgment; it does not imply physical effort or force.

  exercise 表示正式地运用你所拥有的权利、权力或素质（如权威、谨慎或判断力），并不强调体力或努力。

  Citizens should exercise their right to vote in every election.

  公民应当在每次选举中行使自己的投票权。

• exert

  Exert means to apply pressure, force, or effort to produce an effect, especially influence over someone or something; it stresses active effort rather than formal entitlement.

  exert 表示施加压力、力量或努力以产生某种效果，尤指对他人或事物施加影响，强调主动付出努力而非正式的权利。

  The coach urged him to exert more effort during the final lap.

  教练督促他在最后一圈付出更多努力。

Exercise and exert both mean to use something you have. Exercise means to formally use a right or power you hold, like authority or judgment. Exert means to apply pressure or effort to influence someone or something. This does not cover exercise as physical activity.

这两个词都表示“运用”某种无形的东西，但语气和搭配不同：exercise 强调正式、合法地行使自己拥有的权利、权力或判断力；exert 则强调施加压力或努力以产生影响，常与“影响力”“努力”“压力”等词搭配。这里不比较 exercise 表示“体育锻炼”的常见义项。

Compared meaning: repeated practice to master a skill (verb).

比较义项：反复练习以掌握技能（动词）。

• practice

  The most general, everyday word for repeating an activity to get better at it; used for almost any skill (language, sport, music) and works for both self-directed and instructor-led practice.

  这是表示为提高技能而反复做某事的最通用、最常见的词，几乎可用于任何技能（语言、体育、音乐），既可以是自主练习，也可以是有老师指导的练习。

  You should practice speaking English every single day.

  你应该每天都练习说英语。

• exercise 本词

  Rarer and more formal than practice; it emphasizes actively using or applying a skill or mental faculty (memory, vocabulary, judgment) rather than mechanical repetition.

  比practice更少见、更正式，强调主动运用或发挥某种技能或能力（记忆力、词汇量、判断力），而不是机械地反复操作。

  You can exercise your listening skills by watching movies without subtitles.

  你可以通过看没有字幕的电影来练习你的听力技能。

• drill

  Implies structured, often teacher-led or mechanical repetition; it can take a person as its object ('drill students in grammar'), suggesting imposed, rote training rather than self-directed practice.

  强调有结构、通常由老师主导或带有机械性质的反复操练；可以以人作宾语（如“drill students in grammar”训练学生语法），带有被动接受、反复操练的意味，而不是自主练习。

  The teacher drilled the students on irregular verbs every morning.

  老师每天早上反复训练学生掌握不规则动词。

Practice, exercise, and drill mean repeating something to master a skill. Practice is the most common, for any skill, alone or with a teacher. Exercise is rarer and more formal, meaning to use a skill you have. Drill means teacher-led, mechanical repetition.

这三个词都可以表示为掌握某项技能而反复练习或训练，但语气和用法不同：practice最常用、最口语化，exercise更正式、强调运用已有能力，drill则强调由老师主导或带机械性质的反复操练。这里不比较exercise表示“体育锻炼”（如例句中的健身义）或作名词的用法，也不比较drill表示“钻头、钻孔”的工具义，也不比较practice表示“惯例、习惯”或律师、医生“执业”的用法。