dash

Compared meaning: a sudden fast run over a short distance (noun).

比较义项：突然的快速奔跑（名词）。

• dash 本词

  Describes a sudden, brief burst of fast movement, often a spontaneous reaction rather than a planned race; common in the phrase 'make a dash for'.

  指突然、短暂的快速冲动，往往是本能反应而非有计划的比赛；常用于 make a dash for（冲向……）这一说法中。

  He made a dash for the door when he heard the alarm go off.

  听到警报响起时，他猛地冲向门口。

• sprint

  Describes running at full speed over a short, often measured distance, usually in an athletic or competitive context; stronger and more deliberate than 'dash'.

  指在一段较短、常有明确距离的路程上全力冲刺奔跑，通常带有运动或竞赛的语境；语气比 dash 更强、更具刻意性。

  She broke into a sprint for the final hundred meters of the race.

  在比赛的最后一百米，她开始全力冲刺。

Dash and sprint both mean a sudden fast run, but the tone differs. Dash suggests a sudden, brief burst of speed, as in making a dash for a bus. Sprint means running at full speed over a short distance, in sport, and is more deliberate.

这两个词都表示为赶时间而突然快跑，但语气不同：dash 强调动作的突然和仓促，往往是临时起意的短暂冲刺；sprint 强调用尽全力以最快速度奔跑，带有竞速运动的意味，语气更强烈。这里不比较 dash 的其他常见义项，如“少量”（a dash of salt）或标点符号“破折号”。

Compared meaning: to move somewhere suddenly and very fast (verb).

比较义项：猛冲，快速突然地移动（动词）。

• shoot

  Emphasizes very fast, forceful, often straight-line movement, especially of vehicles or objects; commonly paired with directional words like 'past' or 'by'; does not imply running on foot.

  强调非常快、有力、常沿直线的移动，多用于车辆或物体；常与“past”“by”等方向词搭配；不表示用脚奔跑。

  The motorbike shot past me before I could even react.

  那辆摩托车从我身边疾驰而过，我甚至来不及反应。

• dash 本词

  Describes a person running suddenly and hurriedly, usually for a short distance and with a clear practical purpose, like catching something; the most common, neutral word for this action.

  指人为了某个明确目的（如赶上某样东西）而突然匆忙奔跑，通常距离较短；是表达“匆忙移动”最常用、最中性的词。

  He dashed across town to catch the last flight home.

  他匆忙穿过整个城镇，赶上了最后一班回家的航班。

• dart

  Suggests a quick, light, sometimes unpredictable movement that can change direction suddenly, often used for small animals, nimble people, or eyes glancing around; separately can mean to throw something fast.

  表示快速、轻巧、有时会突然改变方向的移动，常用来描写小动物、身手敏捷的人，或转动的眼神；此外还可单独表示“快速掷出”某物（此处不作比较）。

  Her eyes darted nervously around the room, looking for an exit.

  她的眼神紧张地在房间里四下扫视，寻找出口。

Shoot, dash and dart all mean moving fast and suddenly, but differ. Shoot means fast, forceful movement, often of vehicles, not on foot. Dash means running hurriedly for a purpose; the common word. Dart means a quick movement that can change direction, for small animals.

这三个词都表示快速突然的移动，但侧重点不同：shoot 强调速度快、力度大，常用于车辆或沿直线的猛冲；dash 强调人为了赶时间而匆忙奔跑，是最常用、最中性的说法；dart 强调轻巧、突然且可能变换方向的快速移动，常用于描写小动物或眼神的转动。这里不比较 dart 的“投掷”义（把飞镖等东西快速掷出），也不比较 shoot 的其他常见义项，例如“拍摄”或“开枪”。