botch

Compared meaning: to ruin something (verb).

比较义项：把某事物弄坏、搞糟（动词）。

• spoil

  Broader: means to damage something's quality through any cause—time, neglect, weather, mishandling—commonly used with food, plans, surprises or moods, not only skilled tasks.

  含义更广：指因时间、天气、疏忽或不当处理等任何原因损坏某物的品质，常用于食物、计划、惊喜或情绪，而不只是需要技能的工作。

  Leaving milk out too long will spoil it quickly.

  把牛奶放在外面太久，很快就会变质。

• botch 本词

  Implies ruining a specific task through lack of skill, carelessness or rushing, especially repairs or jobs; it is never used for food going bad on its own.

  特指因技艺不精、粗心或赶工而把某项具体任务（尤其是维修或工作）搞糟，绝不用于食物自然变质的情况。

  If you rush the job, you might botch the whole repair.

  如果你赶工，可能会把整个维修工作搞砸。

Spoil and botch both mean to ruin something, but spoil is broader. Spoil means damaging quality through any cause, like time or bad handling; used with food, plans, or moods. Botch means ruining a task through poor skill or rushing, especially repairs; never for food.

这两个词都表示把东西弄坏，但spoil含义更广，可以是食物变质、计划或惊喜被破坏，原因不限于人的技能；botch则专指因技艺不精、粗心或赶工而把一项具体任务（尤其是维修、工作）做糟。这里不比较spoil的“溺爱（孩子）”义。