warfare

Compared meaning: war, armed conflict (noun).

比较义项：战争，交战（n.）。

• war

  Refers to the specific armed conflict as an event or state, usually countable and used with an article; focuses on the conflict itself rather than the fighting methods.

  指具体的武装冲突这一事件或状态，通常可数并常带冠词；关注的是冲突本身，而不是作战的方式。

  The old movie tells a story about a terrible war.

  这部老电影讲述了一场可怕战争的故事。

• warfare 本词

  Refers to the activity or method of fighting, uncountable and never used with an article; often paired with a word describing the style or means of fighting, like guerrilla or chemical warfare.

  指作战这种活动或方式，不可数，从不带冠词；常与描述作战方式或手段的词搭配，如游击战或化学战。

  The book describes the horrors of warfare in great detail.

  这本书非常详细地描述了战争（作战）的恐怖之处。

War usually means a specific armed conflict, countable, often used with an article ('a war', 'the war'). Warfare means the activity of fighting itself, uncountable, often combined with a method word, like 'guerrilla warfare'. Warfare's non-military sense, as in 'trade warfare', is not compared here.

war 通常指一场具体的战争这一事件或状态，可数，常带冠词（a war, the war）；warfare 指作战、交战这种活动或方式本身，不可数，常与描述手段的词连用，如 guerrilla warfare（游击战）。这里不比较 warfare 引申指非军事的“斗争、较量”（如 trade warfare 贸易战）这一用法。