urge

Compared meaning: to strongly encourage someone to act (verb).

比较义项：力劝，敦促某人做某事（动词）。

• urge 本词

  The common, everyday word for strongly encouraging someone; neutral register, used in speech and writing, often with a sense of urgency or personal concern.

  urge 是日常常用词，用于强烈鼓励某人；语域中性，口语书面均可，常带有紧迫感或个人关切的意味。

  My doctor urged me to quit smoking after the checkup last week.

  上周体检后，我的医生极力劝我戒烟。

• exhort

  A formal, literary word, often used for encouraging a group or audience with passion; suggests repeated, earnest appeals rather than a single urgent request.

  exhort 是正式、书面化的词，常用于热切地激励一群人或听众；强调反复、诚恳的劝勉，而非一次性的紧急要求。

  The general exhorted his troops to hold the line until reinforcements arrived.

  将军劝勉他的部队坚守阵地，直到援军到达。

Urge and exhort both mean to strongly encourage someone. Urge is common and everyday, used in speech and writing, often with urgency. Exhort is formal and literary, used for encouraging a group with passion and repeated appeals.

这两个词在此义项上都表示极力劝说或鼓励某人做某事，但正式程度和典型语境不同：urge 是日常常用词，exhort 更正式、书面化，常用于演讲、教练或领袖对众人的激励。urge 还有“催促、迫切要求”的紧迫感，exhort 则更强调反复、热切的劝勉语气。

Compared meaning: a strong desire to do something (noun).

比较义项：做某事的强烈愿望或冲动（名词）。

• urge 本词

  A strong, often sudden impulse or need to do something; it can be physical or emotional, with a neutral to formal register suited to many contexts.

  指一种强烈、常常突然产生的冲动或需求，可以是生理上或情感上的，语气中性或正式，适用于多种场合。

  He felt a strong urge to call his mother after the accident.

  事故发生后，他产生了一种强烈的冲动，想给母亲打电话。

• itch

  An informal, lighter noun for a restless desire that builds up over time, especially to travel, change jobs, or try something new; less serious than urge.

  是一个较为口语化、语气较轻松的名词，指随着时间积累而产生的、挥之不去的渴望，常指想旅行、换工作或尝试新事物的冲动，语气不如urge那样严肃。

  After years in the same job, she got an itch to try something new.

  在同一份工作做了多年后，她萌生了想尝试新事物的渴望。

Urge and itch both can mean a strong desire to do something. Urge is neutral or formal, a sudden strong impulse that can be physical or emotional. Itch is informal and lighter, a restless desire that builds up over time, especially to travel.

两者都可以指做某事的强烈愿望，但urge语气更中性或正式，指突然而强烈的冲动，可用于生理、情感等多种场合；itch作名词时较为口语化，通常指随时间积累而产生的、比较轻松俏皮的渴望，例如想旅行或换工作的冲动。这里不比较itch的动词义“发痒”，也不比较urge的动词义“力劝、催促”。