unauthorized

Compared meaning: not approved or permitted (adjective).

比较义项：未经批准或许可的（形容词）。

• unofficial

  Describes something not formally approved or recognized by an authority, but often harmless, customary, or informally accepted; neutral tone, common with rules, reports, or arrangements.

  指某事未经权威正式批准或承认，但往往是无害的、约定俗成或非正式被接受的；语气中性，常用于规则、报道或安排。

  There is an unofficial rule that new employees buy the coffee.

  有一条非正式的规定，新员工要请大家喝咖啡。

• unauthorized 本词

  Stresses that someone lacked explicit permission to do something, often implying a rule was broken; more formal and serious, common with access, copies, or actions needing clearance.

  强调某人没有获得明确许可去做某事，常暗示违反了规定；语气更正式、更严肃，常用于访问权限、复制件或需要许可的行为。

  Employees are not allowed to make unauthorized copies of the documents.

  员工不得擅自复制这些文件。

Unofficial and unauthorized both mean something lacks approval from an authority. Unofficial is neutral and often harmless, describing an informal or customary arrangement not formally recognized. Unauthorized is more formal and serious, stressing that someone lacked clear permission, often implying a rule was broken.

这两个词都表示某事未经权威或正式批准，但 unauthorized 强调缺少明确的、正式的许可或授权，语气更正式、更严重；unofficial 只是说明缺乏官方认可，语气较中性，常指约定俗成或非正式安排。