trade

Compared meaning: a job or skill requiring training (noun).

比较义项：需要专门技能的职业／手艺（名词）。

• trade 本词

  Trade refers to a skilled occupation or job, especially one learned through training or apprenticeship such as plumbing or carpentry; it emphasizes the job as a livelihood, not the artistic skill of making things.

  “trade”指需要经过培训或学徒历练才能从事的职业或行业，如管道工、木工，强调这是谋生的行业，而不强调制作物品的手工技艺。

  He left school at sixteen to learn a trade as an electrician.

  他十六岁就离开学校，去学做电工这一行。

• craft

  Craft refers to a skill in making things by hand, especially artistic or traditional work like pottery or weaving; it emphasizes the hands-on making itself, not the job category.

  “craft”指用手工制作物品的技艺，尤指陶艺、编织等传统或艺术性的手工活动，强调动手制作本身，而非职业分类。

  Pottery is a craft she learned from her grandmother.

  陶艺是她从祖母那里学来的一门手艺。

Trade and craft both relate to a skilled occupation. Trade means a skilled job learned through training, like plumbing, stressing a way to earn a living. Craft means skill in making things by hand, especially art or traditional work like pottery, stressing the making itself.

这两个词在“技能类工作”这一义项上意思相近，但侧重点不同：trade 强调需经训练或学徒历练才能从事的职业或行业，craft 强调用手制作物品的技艺本身。这里不比较 trade 的“贸易，买卖”义项，也不比较 craft 的“诡计”义项。

Compared meaning: do business or exchange goods (verb).

比较义项：做生意、进行交易（动词）。

• deal

  Emphasizes reaching or making a specific agreement or transaction between parties; often used as 'make/do a deal', and can apply to everyday, informal exchanges, not just goods.

  强调双方达成或做成一笔具体的协议或交易；常用 “make/do a deal” 的搭配，也可以用于日常、非正式的交换，不限于货物买卖。

  They shook hands after making a deal on the used car's price.

  他们就那辆二手车的价格谈成交易后握了握手。

• trade 本词

  Emphasizes the ongoing exchange or buying and selling of goods, often between businesses or countries, and can also mean swapping one item for another; more formal and commercial in tone.

  强调商品的持续交换或买卖，常发生在企业或国家之间，也可以表示用一件物品交换另一件；语气更正式、更具商业色彩。

  The company began to trade coffee beans directly with farmers overseas.

  这家公司开始直接与海外的农户进行咖啡豆的贸易。

Both mean doing business, but the focus differs. Deal emphasizes reaching a specific agreement between parties, and can apply to everyday, informal exchanges, not just goods. Trade emphasizes the ongoing buying and selling of goods, between businesses or countries, or swapping one item for another.

在“做生意、进行交易”这个义项上，deal 和 trade 都可以表示双方之间达成买卖或交换，但侧重点不同：deal 更强调达成一笔具体的交易或协议，trade 更强调买卖商品或货物的行为，常用于更大规模、更持续的商业往来。这里不比较 deal 的其他义项，例如“发牌”“处理、应对（deal with）”。

Compared meaning: to exchange one thing for another (verb).

比较义项：以物易物、进行交换（动词）。

• trade 本词

  Used in formal, commercial or economic contexts, typically describing countries, companies or organizations exchanging goods, services or commodities on a larger scale.

  常用于正式、商业或经济语境，通常指国家、公司或组织之间大规模交换商品、服务或大宗货物。

  The two countries agreed to trade more goods.

  两国同意交易更多的货物。

• swap

  An informal, everyday word for exchanging one specific item for another, usually between two people, often as a quick, on-the-spot deal.

  非正式的日常用词，指两人之间交换某个具体的物品，通常是当场进行的简单交易。

  Can we swap seats so I can sit near the window?

  我们能换一下座位吗？这样我就能坐在靠窗的位置。

Trade and swap both mean exchanging things. Trade is used in formal, commercial contexts, describing countries or companies exchanging goods on a larger scale. Swap is informal and everyday, describing exchanging one item for another, usually between two people, often as a quick deal.

这两个词在“交换”这一意义上很接近，但语域和适用场合不同：trade 多用于正式、经济或商业语境，指国家、公司等大规模交换货物或服务；swap 是日常口语用词，指两人之间对某个具体物品进行随意的交换。