successful

Compared meaning: achieving success or victory (adjective).

比较义项：取得成功、获胜（形容词）。

• successful 本词

  General word for achieving any desired result in business, study, relationships, etc.; not limited to a contest and doesn't require beating an opponent.

  泛指在任何领域取得预期结果，例如事业、学业、人际关系等，不局限于比赛，也不一定意味着战胜某个对手。

  She built a highly successful career in publishing over fifteen years.

  她在出版业打拼十五年，事业非常成功。

• winning

  Used specifically about competitions; describes a team, player, or entry currently beating others or achieving victory, often collocating with streak, goal, team, ticket.

  专门用于比赛或竞争场合，形容正在或已经战胜对手的团队、选手或作品，常与 streak（连胜）、goal（制胜球）、team（获胜队伍）、ticket（中奖彩票）等词搭配。

  Their team kept winning matches throughout the whole season.

  他们队在整个赛季里不断赢得比赛。

• victorious

  Describes the state or feeling right after winning a fight or contest; more formal and literary, often used predicatively, not for ordinary everyday success.

  形容在战斗或比赛获胜之后那一刻的状态或感受，语气更正式、更书面化，常作表语出现，不用于泛泛的日常成功。

  Our team felt victorious after winning the final match.

  我们队在赢得决赛后，感到非常有胜利感。

Successful, winning, and victorious all relate to achieving success. Successful is general, for achieving any goal, not limited to a contest. Winning is used in competitions, describing a competitor beating others. Victorious is formal, describing state after winning a fight. Not compared: winning as charming.

这三个词都表示“成功、获胜”，但语义范围和使用场合不同：successful 泛指在任何领域达成预期目标，不局限于比赛，也不一定意味着战胜对手；winning 专用于比赛或竞争场合，强调“正在赢或已经赢”，常作定语修饰 team、streak、goal 等词；victorious 语气更正式、更书面化，多用来描述战斗或比赛获胜后的那种状态或感受。这里不比较 successful “（药物、方法等）奏效的”引申用法，也不比较 winning 作“迷人的，讨人喜欢的”（如 a winning smile）的用法。