struggle

Compared meaning: to work hard against difficulty (verb).

比较义项：为克服困难、对手或不利处境而努力奋斗（动词）。

• contend

  Formal and often literary; typically used with 'with' to mean cope with or deal with a difficult situation or force, rather than a specific person; less common in casual speech.

  较为正式、书面化；常与 with 连用，表示应对或处理困难的处境或压力，而非针对某个具体的人；口语中较少使用。

  As mayor, she must contend with budget cuts and public criticism at once.

  作为市长，她必须同时应对预算削减和公众的批评。

• fight

  Implies direct, often aggressive or forceful conflict against a specific opponent, physical or verbal; more informal and vivid than contend, and less about inner difficulty than struggle.

  强调针对某个具体对手、往往带有攻击性或激烈色彩的直接对抗，可以是肢体上的或言语上的；比 contend 更口语、更生动，也不像 struggle 那样侧重内心的艰难。

  The two dogs started to fight over a bone in the park.

  两只狗在公园里为了一根骨头打了起来。

• struggle 本词

  Emphasizes prolonged effort and difficulty with an uncertain outcome, often personal, emotional or financial hardship; commonly followed by 'with' or 'to' plus a verb.

  强调长期的努力和困难，结果往往不确定，常涉及个人、情感或经济上的困境；后面常接 with 或“to + 动词”。

  She struggled to pay the rent after losing her job.

  失业后，她艰难地努力支付房租。

Contend, fight, and struggle all mean to work against difficulty. Contend is formal, with 'with', for coping with a situation. Fight implies direct, forceful conflict against an opponent. Struggle stresses effort with an uncertain outcome. Contend meaning 'to compete for a prize' is not compared.

这三个词都可表示为应对困难、对手或不利处境而努力奋斗，但语气强度和正式程度不同；这里不比较 contend 表示“为奖项、头衔等而竞争”的用法（如 contend for the championship）。

Compared meaning: a hard effort to achieve a goal (noun).

比较义项：为达成目标而进行的努力或斗争（名词）。

• battle

  Battle suggests a dramatic fight against a clear opponent, obstacle or illness, often in the fixed phrase 'fight/win/lose a battle'; more formal and intense than struggle.

  battle给人一种戏剧性的、针对明确对手、障碍或疾病的对抗感，常用于「fight/win/lose a battle」这类固定搭配，语气比struggle更正式、更强烈。

  He fought a tough battle to save his family business.

  他为了拯救家族企业打了一场艰苦的战斗。

• struggle 本词

  Struggle emphasizes ongoing difficulty or hardship, often without a specific opponent, common in everyday situations like schoolwork or money, typically as 'struggle with/to do something'.

  struggle强调持续的困难或艰辛，常常没有明确的对手，多用于学业、金钱等日常情境，常见搭配为「struggle with/to do something」。

  He struggled every month just to pay his rent.

  他每个月都要挣扎着才能付得起房租。

Battle and struggle both mean a hard effort to reach a goal. Battle suggests a dramatic fight against a clear opponent or obstacle, and is more intense. Struggle emphasizes ongoing difficulty, often with no specific opponent, common in everyday things like schoolwork or money.

这两个词在此义项上都指为实现某个目标而付出的艰难努力，语气相近，容易混淆；但battle更强调戏剧性的对抗和明确的对手，struggle更强调持续的困难和挣扎，语气较为平实。这里不比较battle表示「战斗、战役」的本义。