stony

Compared meaning: a surface covered with rocks or uneven (adjective).

比较义项：表面凹凸不平、布满石头（形容词）。

• rough

  Rough is the general word for an uneven, bumpy surface; the unevenness doesn't have to come from rocks, so it also describes fabric, skin, roads, or seas, unlike the more specific rocky and stony.

  rough 是泛指表面凹凸不平的通用词，不一定与石头有关，因此也可以形容布料、皮肤、道路或海面，不像 rocky 和 stony 那样具体指向石头。

  The old wooden table had a rough surface that scratched my fingers.

  这张旧木桌表面粗糙，刮到了我的手指。

• rocky

  Rocky describes ground or terrain covered with rocks, often large ones, especially mountains, cliffs, and coastlines; it points to the rocks themselves rather than general unevenness.

  rocky 形容布满岩石（通常较大）的地面或地形，尤其是山地、悬崖和海岸线；它指向岩石本身，而不只是表面不平。

  The rocky cliffs along the coast are dangerous to climb without proper gear.

  沿海岸的多石悬崖，没有合适的装备攀爬会很危险。

• stony 本词

  Stony usually describes ground, soil, or a path full of smaller stones, as in stony soil or a stony beach; it can also describe a person's cold, unfriendly expression, a sense not compared here.

  stony 通常形容布满（较小）石子的地面、土壤或小路，如 stony soil（多石的土壤）或 stony beach（多石的海滩）；它也可以形容人冷淡、面无表情的样子，但这个引申义此处不作比较。

  The soil in this garden is too stony to grow vegetables easily.

  这个花园里的土壤太多石子，不容易种蔬菜。

All three describe an uneven, rocky surface, but differently. Rough is general, for any bumpy surface, not only rocks. Rocky describes ground covered with large rocks, like mountains or cliffs. Stony describes ground full of small stones, like a beach.

这三个词都可以形容凹凸不平、布满石头的地面或表面，但侧重点不同：rough 泛指表面粗糙不平，不一定与石头有关；rocky 强调布满（通常较大的）岩石；stony 强调布满（通常较小的）石子，也常用于形容土壤。此处不比较 stony 表示“冷淡、面无表情”的引申义（如 a stony look／a stony silence）。