shrewd

Compared meaning: smart at judging people or situations (adjective).

比较义项：聪明机智、善于判断或应对（形容词）。

• clever

  The broadest term for being smart or skillful; can describe a person, an idea, or a solution, not necessarily about judging people or gaining advantage.

  含义最广，可以指人聪明，也可以指主意或解决方案巧妙，不一定涉及判断他人或谋取利益。

  She came up with a clever way to fix the leaky pipe without calling a plumber.

  她想出了一个巧妙的办法，不用叫水管工就把漏水的管子修好了。

• shrewd 本词

  Implies practical, often calculating judgment aimed at gaining an advantage, especially in business, money or negotiation.

  强调实际、精于算计的判断力，尤其是为了在生意、金钱或谈判中占得便宜。

  He's a shrewd negotiator who always manages to get the better deal.

  他是个精明的谈判者，总能争取到更有利的条件。

• astute

  Emphasizes sharp, perceptive insight into people or situations, often noticing something others miss, without the calculating, money-focused tone of shrewd.

  强调敏锐的洞察力，能看穿他人或形势中别人没注意到的地方，没有 shrewd 那种精于算计、看重金钱利益的意味。

  Her astute comment exposed the flaw in his argument immediately.

  她敏锐的评论立刻指出了他论点中的漏洞。

Clever, shrewd, and astute all relate to being smart, but differ. Clever is the broadest term, for a person, idea, or solution, not about judging others. Shrewd implies calculating judgment aimed at gaining advantage. Astute emphasizes sharp insight into people, without shrewd's calculating tone.

这三个词在“精明”这一义项上意思相近，但侧重不同：clever 含义最广，强调聪明、灵巧，不一定涉及判断他人或谋取利益；shrewd 强调精于算计、善于从中获利，常用于商业或谈判场合；astute 强调洞察力强、能敏锐看穿情况。这里不比较 clever 表示“机灵、聪明伶俐”的一般用法（如形容小孩或动物的天资）。