same

Compared meaning: exactly the one meant, or completely alike (adjective).

比较义项：恰好是所指的那一个／彼此完全相同（形容词）。

• very

  Placed right before a noun, usually after the definite article, to stress that it is exactly the one meant and not another; has a literary or emphatic tone; never used to compare two separate things.

  通常紧跟在名词前面，且前面常带定冠词，用来强调正是所指的这一个，而非别的；语气较为文学化或带强调意味；不用于比较两个不同的事物。

  This is the very book I've been searching for all month.

  这正是我找了一个月的那本书。

• same 本词

  The everyday, neutral word for saying two or more things are alike, or that something is the one already mentioned; very common in speech and writing, often used with a direct comparison phrase.

  这是最常见、语气中性的词，用来表示两个或多个事物相似，或表示某物就是先前提到的那一个；在口语和书面语中都很常用，常与直接比较的短语连用。

  We happened to order the same dish without even talking about it.

  我们碰巧点了同一道菜，甚至都没有事先商量。

• identical

  Stronger and more precise than same, stressing there is no difference at all between two or more distinct items; typically used for physical copies, twins, or documents that match exactly.

  语气比same更强、更精确，强调两个或多个不同事物之间完全没有差别；通常用于完全一致的实物副本、双胞胎或文件。

  The two photocopies were identical, without a single difference between them.

  这两份复印件一模一样，两者之间没有任何差别。

• aforementioned

  Formal and mainly written or legal in style; refers back to a specific person, item or rule already named earlier in the same text; rarely used in everyday spoken English.

  正式且多用于书面语或法律文本；用来回指同一篇文本中前面已经提到过的具体人物、事物或规则；日常口语中很少使用。

  All employees must follow the aforementioned safety rules at all times.

  所有员工必须始终遵守上述安全规定。

Very, same, identical, and aforementioned can mean exactly this one, or completely alike. Very stresses it is the one meant, sounding literary. Same is the everyday word for alike or already mentioned. Identical is stronger, showing no difference. Aforementioned is formal, naming something already stated.

这四个词都可以表示“正是这一个”或“完全相同”，但语气、正式程度和用法不同：very强调特指、语气较为文学化；same是最常用、最中性的说法；identical语气更强，强调毫无差别；aforementioned是正式书面语，专用于回指同一文本中前面已提到的内容。这里不比较very作副词表示“非常”的用法。