rise

Compared meaning: to stand up from sitting or lying (verb).

比较义项：起身，从坐着或躺着的姿势站起来（动词）。

• rise 本词

  Rise is the more common word today for standing up from a sitting or lying position; it sounds natural in both everyday and formal writing, e.g. rising from a chair or from bed.

  Rise 是如今表示从坐着或躺着的姿势站起来时更常用的词，日常和正式场合都自然适用，例如从椅子上或床上站起来。

  He rises early every morning and goes for a run before breakfast.

  他每天早上很早起床，早饭前去跑步。

• arise

  In this literal sense arise sounds archaic or ceremonial today; modern English almost always uses it figuratively instead, for problems or situations coming into existence.

  在这个字面意义上，arise 听起来古旧或带有仪式感；现代英语几乎只在比喻意义上使用它，表示问题或情况的出现。

  The king said, 'Arise, Sir Thomas,' as the knight stood up before him.

  国王说“起来吧，托马斯爵士”，骑士便在他面前站了起来。

Rise and arise can both mean to stand up from sitting or lying, but usage differs today. Rise is still natural and common, as in rising from a chair. Arise sounds old-fashioned here; modern English almost always uses it instead for problems that appear.

这两个词在“从坐或躺的姿势站起来”这个意义上相近，但语气不同：rise 在现代英语中仍然自然使用，而 arise 在这个字面意义上显得古旧、多用于仪式或文学语境。这里不比较 rise 的“上涨，增加”义项，也不比较 arise 常见的“（问题、情况等）出现，产生”义项。

Compared meaning: an increase in amount, price, or level (noun).

比较义项：上升、增长（名词）。

• raise

  AmE noun for an increase, especially in pay; typically used with 'give/get a raise'; neutral in tone and not necessarily sudden or large.

  美式英语名词，尤指加薪，常与 give/get a raise 搭配使用；语气中性，不一定是突然或大幅的变化。

  She got a nice raise after her performance review last month.

  上个月绩效评估之后，她加了不少薪。

• rise 本词

  General word for an increase in amount, price, or level; in BrE it is the everyday word for a pay increase, and often describes gradual or steady change.

  泛指数量、价格或水平的上升；在英式英语中也是“加薪”的日常说法，常用来形容逐渐或稳定的变化。

  There has been a steady rise in vegetable prices this year.

  今年蔬菜价格持续稳步上涨。

• hike

  Informal, often journalistic word for a sudden, sharp increase, typically in prices, taxes, or rates imposed by an authority; implies the change is large and often unwelcome.

  非正式、常见于新闻报道的说法，指由当局施行的价格、税率等的突然大幅上涨；暗示变化幅度大，且往往令人不悦。

  The government announced a hike in fuel taxes to fund new roads.

  政府宣布上调燃油税以资助新道路建设。

All three mean an increase. Raise is American for a pay increase; the verb 'raise' meaning 'lift up' is not compared. Rise means any increase, also British for a pay rise. Hike means a sudden, large price increase, not the verb 'go hiking'.

这三个词都能表示数量、价格或水平的“上升”，但语气和典型搭配不同：raise 常用于美式英语中的“加薪”，rise 是更通用的说法，在英式英语中也常表示加薪，两者语气都比较中性；hike 则强调“突然且大幅”的上涨，多用于价格、税率等，语气较随意，常带有不满的意味。此处不比较 raise 作动词表示“举起、提高”，也不比较 hike 作动词表示“徒步、远足”等其他义项。