rebellion

Compared meaning: organized resistance against a government or authority (noun).

比较义项：有组织地反抗政府或当权者（起义、叛乱）（名词）。

• rebellion 本词

  The broadest, most neutral term for organized armed resistance to a government; often describes a sustained or large-scale struggle rather than a brief outbreak.

  rebellion是最通用、最中性的词，指有组织地武装反抗政府；往往描述持续时间较长或规模较大的斗争，而非短暂的爆发。

  The rebellion dragged on for years before the army finally crushed it.

  这场叛乱持续了数年，最终被军队镇压。

• uprising

  Uprising emphasizes a spontaneous, popular revolt by ordinary people reacting to a specific grievance such as oppression or hardship; it is usually short-lived.

  uprising强调普通民众因某一具体不满（如压迫或困苦）而自发揭竿而起，通常持续时间较短。

  Food shortages sparked a sudden uprising among villagers in the capital.

  粮食短缺引发了首都村民的一场突发起义。

• revolt

  Revolt is the most general word; the authority resisted need not be a government at all, and it can also describe resistance to a boss, school, or other authority.

  revolt是语义最宽泛的词，反抗对象不必是政府，也可以是老板、学校等其他权威。

  Employees staged a quiet revolt against the new dress code.

  员工们对新的着装规定发起了一场无声的反抗。

• insurrection

  Insurrection is the strongest and most formal term, stressing violent and often illegal action aimed at overthrowing government authority; it is usually smaller in scale and fails quickly.

  insurrection是语气最强、最正式的词，强调以暴力甚至非法手段试图推翻政府权力，规模通常较小，也往往很快失败。

  The insurrection was crushed within days by government troops.

  这场暴动在几天内就被政府军镇压了。

Rebellion, uprising, revolt and insurrection all mean organized resistance to a government. Rebellion is broad, often a large, sustained struggle. Uprising is a short revolt by ordinary people. Revolt is most general; the authority need not be a government. Insurrection is strongest, and fails quickly.

这四个词都指有组织地反抗政府或当权者，但语气、规模和适用对象不同：rebellion最通用中性，常指持续较久的大规模武装对抗；uprising强调普通民众因不满而自发揭竿而起，通常较短暂；revolt语义最宽泛，反抗对象不限于政府，也可以是雇主、学校等任何权威，该词也常作动词使用；insurrection语气最强、最正式，强调暴力甚至非法手段，规模通常较小，也更容易很快被镇压。这里不比较revolt作动词“起来反抗”的用法。