rail

Compared meaning: a bar used as a support or barrier (noun).

比较义项：栏杆、扶手（用作支撑或屏障的杆状物）（名词）。

• rail 本词

  Rail names a single bar, often the one you grip for support, such as a staircase or balcony handrail; it can be just one part of a full railing.

  rail通常指单根横杆，常是你为保持平稳而抓握的那根，比如楼梯扶手或阳台扶手；它可以只是整个railing结构的一部分。

  She held the rail tightly while walking down the stairs.

  她走下楼梯时紧紧抓住扶手。

• railing

  Railing names the whole barrier structure, typically posts plus rails, that lines an edge such as a balcony, porch, or scenic overlook for safety, not just one bar.

  railing指整个栏杆结构，通常由立柱和横杆组成，沿阳台、门廊或观景台等边缘设置以保证安全，而不仅仅是一根横杆。

  She leaned against the railing and looked out over the ocean.

  她靠在栏杆上眺望大海。

Rail and railing both name a bar-like barrier that people lean on or that stops falls. Rail is usually just one bar, like a handrail. Railing is the whole structure of posts and bars. Not included: rail meaning 'train track', or railing meaning 'to complain'.

这两个词都可以指供人倚靠或防止跌落的杆状栏杆，rail更强调单根横杆或扶手本身，railing更强调由立柱和横杆组成的整个栏杆结构。这里不比较rail表示“铁轨”的义项，也不比较railing作动词表示“抱怨”的用法。