presume

Compared meaning: to think something is true without proof (verb).

比较义项：在没有确凿证据的情况下认定某事为真（动词）。

• assume

  Neutral, everyday word for taking something as true casually or for the sake of argument, often with little or no real basis; the guess can later prove wrong.

  语气中性、随意，常用于随口认定某事为真或为了论证方便而假设，往往缺乏真实依据，事后可能被证明是错误的。

  Let's assume the bus is late again and leave five minutes early.

  我们就假设公交车又晚点了，提前五分钟出发吧。

• presume 本词

  Suggests a supposition based on likelihood, prior knowledge or habit, often used formally or politely; implies more confidence that the guess is correct than assume does.

  暗示这一判断是基于可能性、已知情况或习惯做出的，语气较为正式或客气，比起 assume 更显得有把握，认为自己的判断是对的。

  I presume you already finished your homework before dinner.

  我猜想你晚饭前应该已经做完作业了吧。

Both words mean to think something is true without proof. Assume is neutral and casual; the guess may later prove wrong. Presume is formal, suggests a reasonable basis, and can sound polite. Not compared: presume meaning to infer from known facts, or act without permission.

这两个词都表示在缺乏确凿证据时认定某事为真，但语气和依据程度不同：assume 语气中性随意，常用于假设推理或毫无根据的猜测，事后可能被证明是错的；presume 语气更正式，暗示说话人有一定合理依据或习惯性推断，也常用于礼貌客套的场合。这里不比较 presume 表示“推测”（根据已知信息进行逻辑推断）或“擅自”（未经许可就认定或行事）的其他用法。