perm

Compared meaning: a hairstyle made by curling the hair (noun).

比较义项：烫发（名词）。

• permanent

  An old-fashioned, mainly American English noun for a perm; today it sounds dated and is mostly used by older speakers or in nostalgic contexts.

  permanent 是一个较为老式、主要用于美式英语的名词，用来指“烫发”；如今听起来有些过时，多见于年长者的口语或怀旧语境中。

  My grandmother still gets a permanent every spring, just like she did in the 1960s.

  我祖母每年春天还是会去做一次 permanent，就跟她在二十世纪六十年代做的一样。

• perm 本词

  The standard, everyday word for this hairstyle in both American and British English; natural for speakers of any age, without the dated tone of permanent.

  perm 是这种发型在美式和英式英语中通用的标准日常说法，各年龄段的人都会自然使用，没有 permanent 那种老派的语气。

  She got a perm last week, and now her hair is full of tight curls.

  她上周做了个 perm，现在头发全是紧紧的卷儿。

Permanent and perm both mean this curled hairstyle. Permanent is an old-fashioned, mainly American word, sounding dated. Perm is the standard, everyday word in both American and British English, natural for any age. Not compared: permanent as an adjective, or perm as a verb.

这两个词在“烫发”这个意义上很接近，都指用药水和卷发工具把头发烫卷的处理或发型，但 permanent 是较老式、偏正式的说法，perm 是更通用、口语化的现代说法。这里不比较 permanent 作形容词表示“永久的”的用法（如 a permanent solution），也不比较 perm 作动词“给…烫发”的用法。