pedigree

Compared meaning: a person's family origin (noun).

比较义项：血统、家世出身（n.）。

• blood

  Emphasizes hereditary or emotional family ties, often in fixed idioms like 'royal blood' or 'blood relative'; more emotive than formal.

  强调血缘或情感上的家族联系，常见于固定搭配如“royal blood”“blood relative”，语气比其他词更带感情色彩，不如其他词正式。

  He is of royal blood, descended from kings and queens.

  他出身皇室血统，是历代国王和王后的后裔。

• descent

  The neutral, formal way to state a person's ethnic or national origin, typically used in the pattern 'of ... descent'.

  是陈述一个人种族或民族出身的中性、正式说法，常用“of……descent”这一结构。

  She is of Italian descent, though she has never visited Italy.

  她是意大利裔，尽管她从未去过意大利。

• ancestry

  Focuses on the traceable line of ancestors across many generations; often paired with verbs like 'trace' or 'research'.

  强调可以追溯多代的祖先谱系，常与“trace”“research”等动词搭配使用。

  He traced his ancestry back to a small village in Ireland.

  他将自己的家族血统追溯到爱尔兰的一个小村庄。

• pedigree 本词

  Stresses a documented, verifiable line of ancestors; originally used for animal breeding, and for people it can suggest a notably distinguished or aristocratic lineage.

  强调有记录、可查证的血统谱系，最初用于动物育种，用于人时常带有出身显赫或贵族血统的意味。

  The family's aristocratic pedigree could be traced back for centuries.

  这个家族显赫的血统可以追溯到几个世纪以前。

Blood, descent, ancestry and pedigree all mean family origin, but differ. Blood is emotional ('royal blood'). Descent is formal ('of ... descent'). Ancestry stresses traceable ancestors. Pedigree stresses documented, distinguished lineage. Blood as a liquid and descent as going down are not compared.

这四个词都能表示“血统、家世出身”，但语气和用法不同：blood 常用于固定搭配（如royal blood、blood relative），带有情感色彩；descent 是正式、中性的说法，常用于“of……descent”结构；ancestry 强调可追溯的世代祖先，常与trace、research等动词连用；pedigree 强调有记录、可查证的血统谱系，原用于动物育种，引申指人时带有显赫出身的意味。注意：这里不比较blood的“血液”义（如blood pressure）和descent的“下降”义（如飞机的descent）。