outline
- n. 大纲, 概要, 轮廓
- v. 概述
- v. 勾勒
- Definition
- n. a short description of the main points or shape of something
- v. to describe the main points of something
- v. to draw its shape
- Example
- The teacher asked us to write a short outline before the essay.
- 老师要求我们在写文章前先写一份简要提纲。
Synonyms & Differences 近义词辨析
Compared meaning: a short summary of a longer piece of work (noun).
比较义项：对较长内容所做的简要概述（名词）。
- abstract
Abstract is the formal, academic term for a summary placed at the start of a research paper, condensing its key findings and methods.
abstract是正式、学术性的说法，指放在研究论文开头、概括其主要发现和方法的摘要。
Her paper's abstract summarized the key findings in under two hundred words.
她论文的abstract用不到两百字概括了主要发现。
- outline 本词
Outline is a structured, point-by-point sketch of the main ideas or shape of something, often drafted before writing the full piece.
outline指对要点或结构所做的提纲式概述，通常在写作完整内容之前先草拟出来。
He drafted a rough outline before writing the full report.
他在撰写完整报告之前先起草了一份简要的outline。
- synopsis
Synopsis specifically summarizes the plot and main points of a book, film or play, and is common in descriptions of fiction.
synopsis特指对一本书、一部电影或一部剧作的情节和要点所做的简要概述，常用于介绍虚构类作品。
The film's synopsis revealed the ending, so I stopped reading it.
这部电影的synopsis透露了结局，于是我就不想再看下去了。
Abstract, outline, and synopsis all mean a summary of something longer. Abstract is the formal, academic term for a paper's opening summary. Outline is a structured sketch of the main ideas, written before the piece. Synopsis summarizes the plot of a book, film, or play.
这三个词都指对较长内容所做的简要概述，但语域和适用对象不同：abstract多用于学术论文的摘要，outline强调结构性的提纲，synopsis多用于书籍或电影的情节概要。这里不比较 abstract 作形容词“抽象的”的用法。