mock

Compared meaning: not real or genuine, fake (adjective).

比较义项：假的、非真实的（形容词）。

• mock 本词

  Describes something deliberately made to imitate the real thing for practice, testing or display, not to deceive; common in fixed phrases like 'mock trial', 'mock exam', 'mock interview'.

  该词描述有意仿造真实事物、用于练习、测试或展示的东西，并非出于欺骗目的；常见于固定搭配中，如mock trial（模拟审判）、mock exam（模拟考试）、mock interview（模拟面试）。

  The students took a mock exam to prepare for the real one next month.

  学生们参加了一次模拟考试，为下个月的真实考试做准备。

• bogus

  Describes something fraudulent or invalid that is meant to trick people, often documents, claims, companies or requests.

  该词描述带有欺骗性质、无效或伪造的事物，常用于文件、说法、公司或请求，暗示存在欺诈意图。

  She was fired for submitting a bogus expense claim to the company.

  她因向公司提交虚假的报销单而被解雇。

• counterfeit

  A more formal, often legal term for fake goods, money or documents copied illegally to pass as genuine; typically used before nouns like watches, bills, or products.

  该词是较为正式、常用于法律语境的词，指非法仿制以冒充真品的商品、货币或文件，常放在名词前，如手表、钞票或产品。

  Customs officers confiscated thousands of counterfeit designer handbags at the border.

  海关人员在边境查获了数千个假冒名牌手袋。

• phoney

  An informal, somewhat dismissive word for something or someone insincere or fake, often used about excuses, accents, smiles or people's behavior.

  该词是非正式、带有轻蔑意味的词，用来形容不真诚或虚假的事物或人，常用于描述借口、口音、笑容或行为举止。

  He gave a phoney smile that fooled no one at the meeting.

  他在会议上挤出一个虚假的笑容，谁也没被骗到。

All four mean 'not real'. Mock stresses copying something real, for practice or display, not to deceive. Bogus and phoney are informal, suggesting deception. Counterfeit is formal, for goods or money illegally copied to seem genuine. Mock also means to laugh at; not compared here.

这四个词都表示“假的、非真实的”，但语气和用法不同：mock强调刻意仿造、用于练习或展示，并非出于欺骗；bogus和phoney更口语化，暗示欺骗或不真诚；counterfeit则是正式甚至法律用语，专指非法仿制以冒充真品的商品或货币。这里不比较mock作动词时表示“嘲笑”的义项。

Compared meaning: not real, fake (adjective).

比较义项：假的，不真实的（形容词）。

• fake

  Fake describes something designed to look genuine while actually being an imitation, often implying deliberate deception; it's the most common, general-purpose word and applies to objects, smiles, IDs, etc.

  fake表示某物被刻意设计得看起来逼真，但实际上是仿冒品，往往带有故意欺骗的意图；它是最通用、最常见的词，可用于物品、微笑、证件等。

  She realized the designer handbag she bought online was fake.

  她发现自己在网上买的那个名牌手提包是假的。

• mock 本词

  Mock describes something intentionally built to imitate the real thing for practice, testing, or demonstration, with no intent to deceive; it typically comes before nouns like exam, trial, interview.

  mock表示某物是特意仿照真实事物制作的，用于练习、测试或演示，并无欺骗意图；它通常放在名词前，如模拟考试、模拟审判、模拟面试。

  The school organized a mock exam so students could practice under real conditions.

  学校组织了一次模拟考试，让学生们在接近真实的条件下进行练习。

• bogus

  Bogus is an informal word for something fraudulent or invented to deceive, typically used about claims, documents, requests, or information rather than physical objects.

  bogus是非正式用词，指欺诈性的、编造出来用于欺骗的事物，通常用于声明、文件、请求或信息，而不是实物。

  He ignored the email because it looked like a bogus request for his bank details.

  他没有理会那封邮件，因为它看起来像是骗取他银行信息的虚假请求。

All three mean fake, but differ. Fake means made to look genuine but is an imitation, often to deceive. Mock means made to imitate for practice, like a 'mock exam'. Bogus is informal, for fraudulent claims or documents. Other senses are not compared here.

这三个词在此义项上都表示“假的”，但含义和使用场合不同：fake强调外观逼真但实际是仿冒品，常含欺骗意图；mock强调仿照真实事物制作、用于练习或模拟，通常没有欺骗意图；bogus强调欺诈性、不合法，多用于文件、要求或说法等书面语境，语气较为非正式。这里不比较mock作动词表示“嘲笑”的用法，也不比较fake作名词表示“赝品、骗子”的用法。