misunderstanding

Compared meaning: a wrong understanding of something (noun).

比较义项：对某事物的错误理解（名词）。

• mistake

  A general word for a wrong understanding of a fact or situation; it need not involve communication between people. Common in the fixed phrase 'make the mistake of doing something'.

  泛指对某个事实或情况的错误理解，不一定涉及人与人之间的沟通。常用于固定搭配“make the mistake of doing something”（犯……的错误）。

  He made the mistake of thinking the store was open on Sundays.

  他犯了一个错误，误以为那家商店周日营业。

• misunderstanding 本词

  Implies a failure to correctly understand what someone said or meant, usually between two people; often used to explain a disagreement without assigning blame.

  指未能正确理解某人所说或所指的意思，通常发生在人与人之间；常用来解释分歧，且不带指责意味。

  There was a misunderstanding about who should pay the bill.

  关于该由谁付账，双方产生了误会。

Both mean a wrong understanding of something. Mistake is general, about a fact, without needing communication. Misunderstanding is a failure to understand what someone meant, between two people, without blame. Mistake can mean a wrong action, and misunderstanding a small disagreement; not compared here.

这两个词都表示对某事的错误理解，但misunderstanding更强调因沟通不畅而误解了某人所说或所指的意思，常用于人与人之间，且带有为分歧开脱、不指责任何一方的语气；mistake则更泛指对事实或情况的错误认识，不一定涉及沟通。这里不比较mistake作“行为或判断上的错误”“错误的看法”等其他义项，也不比较misunderstanding作“（轻微的）争执、分歧”的义项。