learn

Compared meaning: to gain knowledge or a skill (verb).

比较义项：通过学习或经验获得知识或技能（动词）。

• learn 本词

  The everyday, neutral verb for gaining any knowledge or skill, at any speed; used freely in spoken and written English, and takes a 'to + verb' object.

  日常中性用词，指以任何速度获得知识或技能，口语和书面语中都常用，可接“to + 动词”作宾语。

  Children learn to ride a bike by practicing every weekend.

  孩子们每个周末练习，学会了骑自行车。

• acquire

  A more formal word stressing a gradual, often effortful process of gaining a skill over time; common in written or professional contexts, typically with nouns like skill, knowledge, or taste.

  更为正式的用词，强调经过较长时间、往往需要努力才能逐步获得某种技能，多用于书面或正式语境，通常与 skill、knowledge、taste 等名词搭配。

  Many employees acquire new skills through years of on-the-job training.

  许多员工通过多年的在职培训获得了新技能。

Both words can mean gaining a skill or knowledge. Learn is the everyday, neutral word for gaining anything, at any speed. Acquire is more formal, stressing a gradual, effortful process over time. Not compared: acquire's meaning 'to buy a company'.

这两个词都可表示获得某种技能或知识，但语气和正式程度不同：learn 是日常用词，指以任何方式、任何速度习得知识或技能；acquire 更为正式，强调经过较长时间、逐步且往往需要努力才能获得，常与 skill、knowledge、taste 等词搭配。这里不比较 acquire 的“收购、购得（公司等）”这一义项。

Compared meaning: to find out a fact or truth (verb).

比较义项：查明，得知某事的真相或事实（动词）。

• determine

  Used when a process, test, or result establishes a fact; the subject is often impersonal (a result, an experiment) rather than a person investigating; more neutral in register than ascertain.

  常用于某个过程、测试或结果查明事实，主体常是非人称的（如结果、实验），而不是人在调查；语域比ascertain更中性。

  The results will determine who wins the competition.

  比赛结果将查明谁赢得比赛。

• learn 本词

  Means to find out passively, often by being told or through experience, without deliberate investigation; common with people, especially children, and everyday facts; more casual than determine or ascertain.

  指被动地得知某事，往往是被告知或通过经历得知，而非经过刻意调查；常用于人，尤其是儿童，以及日常事实；语气比determine和ascertain更随意。

  Children learn new words quickly when they read every day.

  孩子们每天阅读时能很快得知新单词的意思。

• ascertain

  Formal, often used in official, investigative, or written contexts; emphasizes making certain of a fact through deliberate effort or verification; stronger and more precise than learn.

  语气正式，常用于官方、调查或书面语境；强调通过刻意努力或核实来确认某一事实；比learn更强调准确性和确定性。

  The detective needed more time to ascertain who was responsible.

  侦探需要更多时间来查明是谁负责此事。

Determine, learn and ascertain all mean to find out a fact. Determine is used when a process or result establishes a fact. Learn means finding out passively, often by being told, common with people. Ascertain is formal, stressing deliberate investigation to make certain.

这三个词在“查明、得知事实”这一意义上相近，但determine偏重通过过程或结果得出结论，主体常是非人称的（如结果、测试），语域中性；learn较随意，常指被动得知，尤其用于人，尤其是儿童；ascertain最为正式，强调通过调查、核实以确定无疑。这里不比较determine的“决定，下定决心”义，也不比较learn的“学习（技能、语言等）”义。

Compared meaning: to remember something (verb).

比较义项：记住，背诵（动词）。

• learn 本词

  Learn is more general and often paired with 'by heart'; it describes coming to know something through exposure or repetition, without stressing perfect, word-for-word recall the way memorize does.

  learn更笼统，常与“by heart”搭配，指通过接触或反复练习而记住某事，不像memorize那样强调能一字不差地准确复述。

  Children learn new words quickly when they read every day.

  孩子们每天阅读时，很快就能记住新单词。

• memorize

  Memorize is more specific and formal, stressing deliberate, repeated effort until the exact words or details can be reproduced perfectly, as with a poem, speech or list.

  memorize更具体、更正式，强调经过刻意的反复努力，直到能准确复述出原话或细节，常用于诗歌、演讲或清单等。

  Students had to memorize the poem before the class presentation.

  学生们必须在课堂展示前把这首诗背下来。

Learn and memorize both mean coming to remember something. Learn is general, often paired with by heart, through exposure or repetition. Memorize is formal, meaning repeated effort until something can be reproduced exactly, like a poem. This does not cover learn meaning to gain knowledge.

这两个词在“记住、背诵”这一意义上很接近，但memorize语气更正式，强调能准确无误地复述；learn则更笼统随意，常与“by heart”连用。这里不比较learn的常见义项——“学习、学会”某种知识或技能。