foray

Compared meaning: a sudden attack on a place (noun).

比较义项：突袭，突然袭击（名词）。

• raid

  Raid refers to an organized, sudden attack by police, soldiers, or armed groups meant to capture, damage, or seize something, and is typically followed by 'on' plus the target place.

  raid指警察、军队或武装人员对某地发动的有组织的突然袭击，目的是抓捕、破坏或夺取某物，常搭配「on」加目标地点。

  Police carried out a raid on the illegal warehouse last night.

  警方昨晚突袭了那家非法仓库。

• foray 本词

  Foray describes a brief, often exploratory incursion into enemy or unfamiliar territory, usually smaller in scale than a raid and typically followed by 'into' rather than 'on'.

  foray指对敌方或陌生地域进行的短暂、带有试探性质的突入，规模通常比raid小，且常搭配「into」而非「on」。

  Scouts made a quick foray into enemy territory before the main assault began.

  在主攻开始之前，侦察兵对敌方领土进行了一次快速突袭。

Both mean a sudden attack. Raid is an organized attack by police or soldiers to capture or seize something, often used with 'on.' Foray is a smaller, exploratory attack into enemy or unfamiliar territory, often used with 'into.' Not compared: foray as a first attempt.

这两个词都表示对某地发起的突然袭击，语气相近，容易混淆；不过foray通常指规模较小、带有试探性质的突入敌方或陌生领域，且更常用于比喻义，这里不比较foray表示「初次尝试某项活动」的引申义。

Compared meaning: to enter or search a place and steal (verb).

比较义项：闯入或搜查某处进行抢夺（动词）。

• rifle

  Emphasizes quickly searching through a specific container or space (a bag, drawer, room) to find and steal something; usually small-scale and not violent; often used as 'rifle through'.

  强调迅速翻找某个容器或空间（如包、抽屉、房间）以寻找并偷走东西；通常规模较小，不涉及暴力；常用作“rifle through”。

  She rifled through his desk drawers searching for the missing letter.

  她翻遍了他的书桌抽屉，寻找那封丢失的信。

• foray 本词

  Describes a brief, sudden raid or incursion into a place, often military or exploratory; stresses the sudden, short action itself rather than how much was stolen; frequently used with 'into'.

  指对某地发动一次短暂而突然的突袭或闯入，常用于军事或探索性行动；强调这一突然行动本身，而非偷走了多少东西；常与“into”连用。

  Rebel soldiers forayed into the enemy camp at night to seize supplies.

  叛军士兵夜里突袭敌营，抢夺补给。

• loot

  Focuses on opportunistic stealing that happens during chaos, disorder, riots or disasters, often by ordinary people grabbing whatever they can; implies lawlessness rather than planning.

  侧重于在混乱、动荡、骚乱或灾难期间进行的趁乱行窃，往往是普通人随手抢走能拿到的东西；隐含无法无天，而非事先策划。

  Looters smashed shop windows and looted electronics during the blackout.

  停电期间，抢劫者砸碎商店橱窗，趁乱抢走电子产品。

• plunder

  Suggests large-scale, forceful, often systematic robbery of a place's wealth or resources, historically linked to pirates, soldiers or invaders; can also apply figuratively to exploiting resources.

  表示对某地财富或资源进行大规模、使用暴力、往往有组织的抢劫，历史上常与海盗、士兵或侵略者相关；也可比喻性地指过度掠夺资源。

  Invading armies plundered the city's temples and carried off its gold.

  入侵的军队掠夺了这座城市的神庙，抢走了里面的黄金。

All four mean to steal by force or in a rush. Rifle means quickly searching a bag or room for something to take. Foray means a sudden, brief raid into a place. Loot means stealing during chaos or disorder. Plunder means large-scale, forceful robbery.

这四个词都表示以急速或强力手段偷取财物，但情境和力度不同：rifle 侧重快速翻找容器或空间偷东西；foray 强调突然发动的短暂袭击；loot 指趁混乱随手抢夺；plunder 强调大规模、有组织、常带暴力的掠夺。这里不比较 rifle 作名词表示“步枪”、foray 作名词表示“初次尝试／涉足”、loot 作名词表示“赃物”这些其他意义。