command

Compared meaning: to control or have power over something (verb).

比较义项：控制，支配（动词）。

• control

  Control is the general, neutral word for directing, restraining, or managing someone's behavior, emotions, or a system, without implying formal authority or rank.

  control是较为中性、常用的词，指对行为、情绪或系统进行引导、约束或管理，并不强调正式的权威或职位。

  She had to control her anger when the customer started shouting.

  顾客开始大喊大叫时，她不得不控制自己的怒气。

• command 本词

  Command implies exercising authority or mastery based on rank, skill, or position, often over people, forces, or abilities, rather than over emotions or machinery.

  command强调凭借职位、技能或权威进行统率或精通，多用于人员、军队或能力等方面，而不用于情绪或机器。

  She commands three foreign languages after years of practice.

  经过多年练习，她精通三门外语。

Both mean to control something. Control is neutral, used for emotions, behavior, or a system. Command means controlling people or abilities through authority or skill, and sounds formal; the noun 'command' meaning 'an order' is not compared here, nor is 'command respect'.

这两个词在“控制、支配”这一意义上相近，但control更中性，常用于对情绪、行为或系统等进行引导与约束；command则强调凭借权威、职位或技能进行统率或精通，语气更正式。这里不比较command作名词表示“命令”的用法，也不比较command“博得（尊敬等）”“俯瞰（景色）”等引申义。

Compared meaning: an order telling someone to do something (noun).

比较义项：命令、要求做某事的指示（名词）。

• instruction

  Instruction is usually detailed and explains how to do something step by step; it is often given in plural form by teachers, manuals or authorities in a neutral, instructive tone rather than a strict order.

  instruction通常内容详细，逐步说明如何完成某事；常以复数形式出现，由教师、说明书或权威机构给出，语气中性、偏重指导，而非严格命令。

  Read the instructions carefully before assembling the new bookshelf.

  组装新书架之前，请仔细阅读instructions。

• command 本词

  Command is a strong, official order given by someone in authority, often military or formal, expecting immediate obedience rather than explaining a procedure.

  command是由权威人士发出的正式命令，通常用于军事或正式场合，强调必须立即服从，而不是说明具体操作步骤。

  The drill sergeant barked a command that no soldier dared ignore.

  教官厉声下达了一道command，没有一个士兵敢不服从。

Both mean a kind of order. Instruction explains how to do something in detail, often given by teachers or manuals in a neutral, helpful tone. Command is a strong, official order from someone in authority, often military, expecting immediate obedience rather than an explanation.

这两个词在“命令”这一意义上相近，但语气和场景不同。instruction强调详细说明如何做某事，语气中性、偏重指导，常见于教学或操作说明；command则强调来自权威人士的正式命令，语气强硬，要求立即服从，多见于军事或严格的等级场合。

Compared meaning: skilled control of a subject or ability (noun).

比较义项：精通、掌握某项技能或学问（名词）。

• command 本词

  Formal and often refers to fluent control of a language or body of knowledge; typically used as 'command of' with abstract nouns like language or subject.

  较为正式，常指对某种语言或某类知识的流利驾驭；通常以“command of”搭配语言、学科等抽象名词使用。

  She has an impressive command of French after living in Paris for years.

  在巴黎生活多年后，她对法语的掌握令人印象深刻。

• mastery

  Suggests skill gained through sustained practice and effort, especially over a craft, technique, or physical skill; used more broadly, including hobbies and sports.

  强调通过持续练习和努力获得的技能，尤指工艺、技巧或体能技能；使用范围更广，也可用于爱好和体育活动。

  Years of daily practice gave him true mastery of the guitar.

  多年的每日练习让他真正精通了吉他。

Both mean being very good at something. Command is formal, describing fluent control of a language, as in 'command of English'; its 'order' meaning is not compared here. Mastery is skill gained through practice, in a craft or sport, not 'ruling over others'.

这两个词在“精通”这一意义上很接近，但语气和典型搭配不同：command更为正式，常指对语言或学科知识的流利驾驭；mastery则强调通过反复练习获得的精湛技艺，多用于工艺、乐器或体育技能。这里不比较command的“命令、指挥权”义，也不比较mastery的“统治权、支配地位”义。