collective

Compared meaning: done together by a group (adjective).

比较义项：集体的，共同的，协调进行的（形容词）。

• collective 本词

  Stresses that something is shared or done by the whole group as a unit, without necessarily implying prior coordination; common with decision, responsibility, guilt.

  强调某事是整个群体共同承担或共同做出的，不一定涉及事先协调；常与 decision、responsibility、guilt 等词搭配。

  The class reached a collective decision to postpone the trip until spring.

  全班共同做出决定，把旅行推迟到春天。

• concerted

  Implies deliberate, planned coordination among people working toward one goal; more formal, almost always paired with effort, action, or campaign.

  强调人们为了同一目标而有意识地计划、协调一致；语气更正式，几乎总是与 effort、action、campaign 等词搭配。

  The team launched a concerted campaign to raise awareness about recycling.

  团队发起了一场协调一致的活动，以提高人们对回收利用的意识。

Collective and concerted both describe something done by a group. Collective means shared by the whole group, without implying prior planning; it is neutral, common with decision, responsibility, or effort. Concerted means deliberately coordinated action; more formal, common with effort, action, or campaign.

这两个词都可以形容由一群人共同完成的行为，但 collective 只强调“由整体共同承担或共享”，未必涉及事先的协调；concerted 则强调各方事先协商、有意识地协调一致才采取行动。collective 常与 decision、responsibility、effort 等词搭配，语气较中性；concerted 语气更正式，常出现在 effort、action、campaign 等词前，强调计划性与努力程度。